HOW WASP BITE GIVES A MAN HEART ATTACK

In a recent incident, a wasp bite turned into a serious medical disorder for a 45-year-old British man who was reported to have a severe allergic reaction to the bite and, as such leads to a heart attack, according to report.

When the victim got to the Hospital, he was diagnosed with Kounis syndrome, or "allergic myocardial infarction," in which a severe allergic reaction is accompanied by symptoms of chest pain (known as angina) which may further leads to a heart attack.

According to research, the Kounis syndrome is rare, there are medical case reports of the syndrome that have been linked to allergic reactions to foods, insect stings and certain drugs. The man been reported here, was stung by a yellow jacket on his left arm as he got into his van.  After some minutes, he started feeling dizzy and itchy all over, and a rash appeared on his body, according to the case report.

His  left hand began to feel heavy and achy, and hours later, this pain became more frequent and spread to his left arm, shoulder and back. He called for an ambulance, and on the ride to the hospital, he suffered a heart attack. According to report, Paramedics were successful at making him conscious again but doctors were initially unsure what caused this life-threatening emergency.

The reaction caused on this man by this sting is somehow questioning because the man had been stung by insects multiple times in the past, but he experienced no reaction to these bites, according to the case report's lead author, Dr. Benjamin Cross, who, at the time of the case, was a medical student at Blackpool Victoria Hospital in Blackpool, England.

A further look into the man’s case shows that the man has a genetic tendency to develop allergic diseases, including a medical history of asthma and eczema, Cross said. However, the man had never had a severe allergic reaction, Cross said. 

But there were some reasons to be concerned about the man's heart heath. The 45-year-old had been smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for more than 30 years, Cross told Live Science. (Smoking has been linked with an increased risk of heart disease.) Prior to this incident, the man had some buildup of plaque in his arteries, which also put his heart at risk, Cross said.

But why would an insect sting trigger a heart attack in a middle-age man?

The wasp bite most likely caused a type of white blood cell, known as mast cells, to react, which, in turn, caused the plaque in his artery to burst, Cross said. When plaques burst, it causes a clot, which blocks the artery and reduces blood flow. A loss of blood flow to an area of the heart causes heart cells to die, which results in a heart attack, Cross explained.

To repair the man's blocked artery, doctors inserted a stent. After he went home from the hospital, his allergist recommended that he receive allergy shots containing small doses of the wasp venom that initially triggered his severe allergic reaction, Cross said. This treatment will sensitize his immune system and reduce the chance that another yellow-jacket sting will cause an allergic reaction, he added.

But as a precaution, the man was advised to carry an EpiPen, which can deliver a quick dose of the hormone epinephrine, to help prevent another severe allergic reaction.